The High Price of the First Bell: What It Costs to Equip a First-Grader in Azerbaijan

A smaller wheat harvest, disruptions along key trade routes and rising fertiliser prices are creating a new wave of risks for Azerbaijan, where domestic production covers only about 60% of wheat demand and reliance on imports has increased in recent...

Traffic violations from motorways to rural roads A fine: a tool or a sanction? The purpose of a fine is not to punish the driver, but to prevent traffic violations and crashes. The success of a fine policy should therefore be measured not by the...

Where Azerbaijan’s mandatory insurance system leaves patients alone with the bill Azerbaijan’s mandatory health insurance system is rapidly expanding the number of covered services and operations. Yet queues, dependence on referrals, the...

Azerbaijan has substantially increased pension payments since 2018, with average pensions rising faster than official inflation. Yet pensioners devote a disproportionately large share of their income to food, medicines and utilities — categories in...