When the Caspian Ceases to Be a Border

In the twenty-first century, the reshaping of global trade routes has transformed transport corridors from purely economic projects into geopolitical instruments. Against the backdrop of the Russia–Ukraine war, growing instability in the Middle...

On the surface, it looked like a routine sequence of diplomatic engagements: President Ilham Aliyev’s visit to Tbilisi on April 6, Prime Minister Irakli Kobakhidze’s return visit to Baku on May 18, Kobakhidze’s trip to Astana on June 29, and finally...

The state visit of Turkmen President Serdar Berdimuhamedow to Azerbaijan on June 22 appeared, on the surface, to follow a standard diplomatic script: ceremonies, bilateral talks, and a package of agreements. In reality, however, the trip may prove...

The state visit of Turkmen President Serdar Berdimuhamedow to Azerbaijan on June 22 was not merely a diplomatic event but an important indicator of the transformation of Caspian geopolitics. The package of agreements signed in Baku, covering energy,...