Export and import agricultural potential of Azerbaijan

Ensuring food security is one of the state’s fundamental responsibilities. Governments regulate the production, distribution, quality, and supply of food products and implement the necessary measures to ensure sustainability. Food security means meeting the country’s needs for essential food products and drinking water through domestic production, while additionally creating state reserves amounting to 20 percent.

Today, President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev attended the opening ceremony of the “Shirvan Agro” livestock complex in the Shamakhi district. At the event, the head of the Shamakhi District Executive Authority stated that the complex has been established on an area of approximately 100 hectares. It has the capacity to accommodate 9,000 head of livestock — including 3,200 dairy cattle, 3,000 beef cattle, and 2,800 calves. Currently, the complex houses Holstein-Friesian, Limousin, Aberdeen Angus and other breeds.

The Russia–Ukraine war, which has been ongoing for four years, has created tension in the Black Sea region, causing serious difficulties in cargo transportation. As a result, the prices of a number of products have risen in global markets. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) linked the increase in wheat prices observed in February of this year to the continuing tension in the Black Sea region.

According to data presented by the State Statistical Committee, 924.7 thousand tons of potatoes were produced in Azerbaijan in 2025, which is 2,700 tons less than in the previous year. It should be noted that in 2025 the area under potato cultivation decreased by 1,800 hectares compared with the previous year. As the figures show, the decline in potato production in 2025 compared with previous years was primarily caused by the reduction in cultivated areas. Unfortunately, the trend of shrinking potato planting areas has continued for many years.